Even though minerals are not the only drivers of energy diversification, they are important and have the potential to grow linkages between sectors for economic growth. With the increasing need to transition towards a low carbon-based economy, the coal mining industry and coal power production industry will experience a significant decline in demand for coal and as a result, employment numbers will also decrease.

Therefore, to continue contributing to economic growth and job creation within the mining sector, there is a need to promote the exploitation and exploration of other mineral resources. This study provides an extensive review of literature to discuss the alternative uses of coal and other mineral resources, to highlight sectors that can be diversified into and to outline associated opportunities and challenges within the mining sector.