The CSIR’s geophysics team uses high-resolution geophysical tools, such as 3D and 2D ground-penetrating radar, borehole radar and electrical resistance tomography to address a range of pertinent mining challenges. The applications include orebody delineation, structural mapping to identify reef disruptions, seismic hazard assessments, determination of hanging wall integrity, hazard mapping (such as cavities, potholes and utilities), water pollution mapping, and the effectiveness of rehabilitation processes on previously mined-out areas at open pits. Expertise in this domain has, among others, led to the development of a geophysics textbook, which contributes to human capacity development and knowledge dissemination in the industry.